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Richard R. Nelson a Milano - Richard R. Nelson in Milan |
George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs, Professor of Business and Law
Pagina a cura dello Staff della Fondazione Giannino Bassetti [14 giugno2002]
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Biographical History
BA, Oberlin College, 1952 · · Ph.D., Yale, 1956 · · Assistant Professor, Oberlin, 1956-1957 · · Economist, The Rand Corporation, 1957-1960, 1963-1968 · · Associate Professor, Carnegie Institute of Technology, 1960-1961 · · Senior Member, Council of Economic Advisors, 1961-1963 · · Professor, Yale, 1968-1986 · · Director, Institution for Social and Policy Studies, 1981-1986 · · George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs · · Professor of Business and Law alla Columbia University · · |
Author · · An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change · · Technology, institutions, and innovation systems · · The Nature and Dynamics of Organizational Capabilities · · The Sources of Industrial Leadership · · The Sources of Economic Growth · · National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis · · Understanding Technology as an Evolutionary Process · · On the nature and evolution of human know-how · · Making sense of institutions as a factor shaping economic performance · · 'Selection criteria and selection processes in cultural evolution theories' · · The Moon and the Ghetto. An Essay on Policy Analysis · · Technology, Economic Growth, and Public Policy |
INTRODUZIONE
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Richard Nelson (George Blumenthal
Professor di International and Public Affairs e professore di Business and
Law alla Columbia University, in precedenza professore di Economics e direttore
dell'Institution for Social Policy alla Yale University) è uno dei
più importanti studiosi della crescita economica, della innovazione
tecnologica e della evoluzione industriale.
Nelson ha focalizzato il suo lavoro sulla complessità e varietà dei meccanismi economici ed istituzionali che stanno alla base dei processi innovativi e del loro impatto sulla crescita delle imprese e dei paesi. Ad esempio, Nelson ha discusso le relazioni di complementarietà ma anche le tensioni tra ricerca pubblica e ricerca privata; il ruolo differenziato che i brevetti svolgono in diversi settori, tecnologie e nei sistemi di ricerca pubblica e privata; i fattori che possono spiegare perchè l'innovazione è particolarmente rapida ed intensa in alcuni ambiti della conoscenza mentre in altri campi il progresso è molto più lento. Soprattutto, Nelson ha proposto e sviluppato --insieme a Sidney Winter-- un approccio radicalmente nuovo per lo studio dell'economia dell'impresa, dell'economia industriale e della crescita economica. Ricollegandosi a Schumpeter, la "teoria evolutiva" pone al centro della propria attenzione i fenomeni di cambiamento ed evoluzione dei sistemi economici, in condizioni di disequilibrio e con agenti che dispongono di limitate capacità di comprendere a fondo il mondo nel quale essi agiscono. La dinamica economica è quindi interpretata come un processo evolutivo, guidato da processi di apprendimento e costruzione di competenze da un lato e da meccanismi di selezione economici, politici ed istituzionali dall'altro, dove esistono sempre opportunità di miglioramento e cambiamento, ma solo raramente soluzioni univocamente ottimali. E' in questo quadro di pensiero che la Fondazione Bassetti ha ritenuto l'approccio di Nelson pertinente rispetto alla questione della responsabilità nell'innovazione, in un orizzonte dello sviluppo scientifico, economico e tecnologico caratterizzato da forti elementi di incertezza e quindi di rischio, questione che costituisce il tema di base della Fondazione. |
GLI
INCONTRI DI MILANO
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Speech
"University and Innovation" 17 giugno 2002 ore 18.30 aula 3 Velodromo Bocconi Piazza Sraffa 13, Milano |
Lecture
"Why has the advance of human know-how been so uneven across technologies, industries and scientific fields? " 18 giugno 2002 ore 11.00 aula 204 Università Bocconi Via Sarfatti 25, Milano |
NOTE BIOGRAFICHE -- BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
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Richard R. Nelson is an economist by
training. Over his outstanding career he has taught at Oberlin College,
Carnegie Mellon University, Yale University, and Columbia University, where
he now is George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs and Professor of Business and Law.
He also has served as research economist and analyst at the Rand Corporation,
and at the President's Council of Economic Advisors. His central interests
have been in long-run economic change. Much of his research has been directed
toward understanding technological change, how Excerpts from the site
of The Columbia University Nelson, whose own research has impact across the disciplines of economics, sociology, political science, business and law, said the Consortium's aim is to provide «a loose structure within which the diverse Columbia community interested in public policy issues can work together on matters of common interest, without being forced into a common mold.» |
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BIBLIOGRAFIA
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BIBLIOGRAFIA
RAGIONATA
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La ricerca di Richard R. Nelson si concentra sui processi di cambiamento economico di lungo periodo, con particolare riferimento alle questioni dell'avanzamento tecnologico e dell'evoluzione delle istituzioni economiche. Il suo lavoro, che lo ha reso uno dei più stimati studiosi del mutamento tecnico, tocca numerose tematiche (l'organizzazione industriale organization, lo scambio, lo sviluppo). Il suo An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change [sul sito di Amazon] (scritto assieme a Sidney Winter, Harvard, Harvard University Press, 1985) (indice e 17 pagine on line [sul sito di Amazon] in English), è oggi visto come il lavoro fondamentale per lo sviluppo dell'ambito disciplinare noto come 'evolutionary economics'. Qui di seguito elenchiamo e presentiamo brevemente i lavori più importanti del professor Nelson, collegando a ciascuno di essi gli indirizzi web dove è possibile reperire informazioni aggiuntive. Technology,
institutions, and innovation systems [sul sito di Elsevier] (con K. Nelson), "Research Policy", February 2002, vol.
31, no. 2, pp. 265-272. The
Nature and Dynamics of Organizational Capabilities [sul sito di Amazon]
(curato con Giovanni Dosi e Sidney G. Winter), Oxford, Oxford University
Press, 2000. |
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The Sources of Industrial Leadership,
David C. Mowery (Editor), Richard R. Nelson (Editor), [sul sito di Amazon]
The Sources of Industrial Leadership, saggio pubblicato su "De Economist",
March 1999, vol. 147, no. 1, pp. 1-18. The
Sources of Economic Growth [sul sito di Amazon], Harvard, Harvard University
Press, 1996. |
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National
Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis [sul sito di Amazon] (curatore),
Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1993. Understanding
Technology as an Evolutionary Process, Amsterdam: North-Holland,
1987; trad. it. Il progresso tecnico come processo evolutivo, a cura di
Claudio Piga, Milano, Giuffré, 1995.
Altri lavori di Richard R. Nelson On
the nature and evolution of human know-how [sul sito di Elsevier] (con K.
Nelson), "Research Policy", July 2002, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 719-733. Making
sense of institutions as a factor shaping economic performance [sul sito di Elsevier]
(con B.N. Sampat) "Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization",
January 2001, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 31-54. 'Selection criteria and selection processes in cultural evolution theories', in Ziman, Technological Innovation as an Evolutionary Process, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 66-74. The
Moon and the Ghetto. An Essay on Policy Analysis [sul sito di Amazon], New
York, W.W. Norton & Company, 1977. Technology,
Economic Growth, and Public Policy [sul sito di Elsevier], Washington, The
Brooking Institutions, 1967 |
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Inoltre, sul Web sono presenti informazioni e estratti relativi ai seguenti testi
Techno-Nationalism
and Techno-Globalism : Conflict and Cooperation (Integrating National
Economies : Promise and Pitfalls) Technological
Innovation and Economic Performance |
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ESTRATTI -- EXCERPTS
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Excerpts from an introductory address made by
Richard Nelson's "An Evolutionary Theory of Economic
Change" co-authored with Sidney Winter is regarded by many as the key work
in the development of the sub-discipline known as evolutionary economics.
In a conference honouring Professor Richard Nelson, Sidney Winter describes
how he and Nelson "got onto" the evolutionary approach. |
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Excerpts from a short talk made
by Richard Nelson
at The Institute for Applied Economics and the Study of Business Enterprise, Johns Hopkins University, 2001 Session 1: Evolutionary Economics - The State of Science Nelson talks of what motivated him to develop the notion of "Evolutionary Economics" - «My stimulus... was very much to get economics back on the track of focusing on the processes that were involved in long run economic change... Last summer I picked up an old book by Nathan Rosenberg on aspects of the history of economic thought and found there a wonderful set of quotes (Bernard de) Mandeville, writing at the end of the 17th century. Long before Smith or Darwin, described the great technological creation of his ear, the modern warship and commented that the design was a result of generations and generations of incremental changes that led to this technological marvel, which nobody could have planned». Nelson cites his own personal reasons for developing the evolutionary approach were «... my interests in economic growth, which went back to the days when I was a graduate student. And very quickly my explanations of economic growth led me into trying to understand the processes of technical change. Sid Winter was very much interested in firms and other types of organisations, as well as whether the intellectual proposition that only relatively profitable firms are going to be able to survive was sufficient to justify neo-classical theory. He argued that it wasn't. In any case, if your argument for why firms are the way they are, and your explanation for the distribution of the firms that you see surviving, is basically evolutionary in nature, why not develop and express the evolutionary dynamic of the processes and units involved...». He concludes «... what was driving us was our interest in helping to develop an analytic framework that was helpful in empirical work dealing with the phenomena involved in technological, firm and industrial change.» |
ALTRI
URL -- OTHER URLs
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Ulteriori informazioni su Richard R. Nelson
Biography, Curriculum Vitae, Research Interest,
Books and Papers "Bush Conference"
(Bush Legacy, Bush Report e Bush Model) DRUID's Nelson and Winter Conference, June 2001. «It is now almost 20 years since Dick Nelson and Sid Winter published their seminal book "An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change". In this occasion DRUID, in collaboration with the journals Research Policy and Industrial and Corporate Change, organised the Nelson and Winter Conference that took place on June 12-15, 2001 in Aalborg, Denmark. There were 250 participants and 170 papers. The papers are presented in the Book of Abstracts and were available on the Conference CD-ROM as well as on this website.» Book description of "The sources of economic growth" (in the Harvard University Press) |
Pagina a cura dello Staff della Fondazione Giannino Bassetti [14 giugno2002]
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