IntroductionIntroduction
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...to the Giannino Bassetti Foundation Web site
The Foundation's web site aims to create an environment on the web where debates can take place between those interested in problematic discussions regarding the theme of Innovation and its impact throughout history. We hope that it will be a place which welcomes an atmosphere of sensitivity and dedication towards the elaboration and analysis of all problems faced by man in this modern age.
| The main focus of the Foundation is responsibility in innovation. |
The Foundation is the outcome of the desire of the Bassetti
family to honour and commemorate the memory of the "Cavaliere del Lavoro"
Giovanni Bassetti, an entrepreneur of particular capabilities and merits.
The aim of the Foundation is to promote the study of innovation
in the field of entrepreneurial activity, paying particular attention to the influence of
new production methods on the current social and economic, ethical and political
conditions of human life.
The Foundation proposes to operate through scientific,
educational and pedagogical research, mainly in the fields of economy, history and
sociology.
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E' costituita una fondazione denominata "Fondazione Giannino Bassetti". [ndr: la data di costituzione è 24 marzo 1994]
La Fondazione ha per scopo lo studio della innovazione nell'attività imprenditoriale,
con particolare attenzione alla influenza dei nuovi modi di produrre sulle condizioni
sociali ed economiche, etiche e politiche della convivenza umana.
La Fondazione opererà per fini di ricerca scientifica, di educazione e di istruzione,
indirizzando la propria attività prevalentemente nelle discipline della storia,
dell'economia e della sociologia. Si propone inoltre di divulgare i temi oggetto di
ricerca e di studio attraverso pubblicazioni, convegni e attività a carattere didattico.
La Fondazione potrà operare autonomamente, od in collaborazione con enti ed istituzioni
pubbliche di ricerca, istruzione e formazione, nonché con fondazioni, associazioni,
imprese e singoli cittadini.
La Fondazione non ha scopo di lucro.
La vigilanza sulla Fondazione è esercitata secondo le disposizioni di legge.
Il patrimonio della Fondazione è costituito:
a) dalla dotazione iniziale, apportata dai fondatori (...)
b) dai beni immobili e mobili che perverranno alla Fondazione a qualsiasi titolo e da ogni
contributo ed elargizione, sempreché tali attribuzioni siano destinate all'attuazione
degli scopi statutari;
c) dai redditi derivanti dal patrimonio;
d) dai redditi di eventuali attività strumentali.
La Fondazione ha sede in Milano.
(...)
- April 2000 -
The Giannino Bassetti Foundation is the outcome of the desire of the Bassetti family to honour and commemorate the memory of the "Cavaliere del Lavoro" Giovanni Bassetti, an entrepreneur of particular capabilities and merits. Their aim was to promote reflection, studies, wide-spread activities through which to exalt the value of those qualities of entrepreneurialism, innovation, moral and social commitment that were largely attributed to him. Indeed Giovanni Bassetti was not an entrepreneur of mere economic success - his commitment is characterized, above all, by his entrepreneurial choices and by his sincere acceptance of the moral belief which guided him.
Reflecting and encouraging people to reflect on the significance of his testimony, concurring to review the most profound intuitions and motivations in cultural, social, contemporary political conditions – this is the essential starting point of the Foundation’s work programme.
The base hypothesis is this: "Innovation is the ability to achieve the improbable" and "the entrepreneurial innovation is the innovation carried out within the sphere of business institutions". These major points of reflection will be discussed, in particular, by scientists, men of social and political culture, entrepreneurs, the young, organizing a series of seminar reflections in befitting ways and places.
The line of research would appear to fall into 3 categories:
A. Research, theoretical for the most part. This deals with the significance of concepts and implications.
B. Research of a prevailing ethical nature. This deals with the moral implications of entrepreneurial innovations, either already introduced or simply as a hypothesis.
C. Research on the mechanisms in which the power is wielded and on the mechanisms of responsibility, both of which regulate the implementation of innovations in an advanced capitalist society.
It is clear that, for every one of these three principal threads of research, the methodology adopted should be diverse.
It is a fact that, up until now, a real "criticism" of the causes and effects relating to the practice of the entrepreneurial activity of innovation almost doesn't exist. This lack of reflection has led to a large part of the difficulty encountered by public opinion in understanding, valuing and appreciating the entrepreneurial function in their relations with the social risk management involved in every innovation.
Many aspects of the matter have been systematically ignored, either due to cultural indolence or due to the absence of motivated scientists. One example (one of many) is the relationship between entrepreneurial innovation developed in the field of businesses (be they small or average-sized) and its impact, not only economic, on the general context. This should, in all probability, be studied in depth referring to these same small entrepreneurs who often have no awareness of the consequences (not only of a business nature) of their own actions.
The task and the procedures of this sphere of the Foundation’s activity consist of -
• singling out this type of situation and pointing them out, presenting them to scientists and educationists in order to be better able to penetrate the complex implications, operative or effective;
• in order to achieve this, the procedure involves a systematic resort to the commitment of groups made up of a mix of scientists and experts,
• carrying this out with analogous initiatives localized world wide.
In short, what is being said is the firm belief that a substantial share of the activity should be dedicated to increasing awareness of the problematic aim of our Foundation: to create a new ‘updated’ awareness based around the memory of a pioneer; a new and widespread sense of social, civil, political responsibility extended to men of culture, of science, of power; a contribution to public opinion so that, together, we can all learn how to increase awareness of living responsibly, fulfilling our role of modern men, called up by the strength of the forces that we control in order to create together the future of humanity.
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In uncle Giannino's time, the task of redistributing the resources created in the production cycle was structurally entrusted to the individuals who had these at their disposal, not least we could also say: to their paternalism.
Today the argument is different – the State, in particular the Welfare State, redistributes the resources. The redemption is already carried out by the tax authorities. On the other hand, what is becoming more and more attributed to the entrepreneur, besides the production of goods and services, assuring an increasing and efficient productivity, is another more demanding function – that of "innovating", where innovating no longer means simply "introducing commercially new products". In many cases it means not only this but also proposing, on the basis of new technologies and processes, new consumer solutions, production solutions, life solutions, a remarkable contribution to the changes in the world around us. A world in which exists not only the discovery of atomic energy, travels in space, Dolly the Sheep, but also – and perhaps not least – the everlasting battery, the Vespa, the latest advanced washing machine programme, the aspirin, the zip, Velcro and – why not after all – the new way to sleep with feather duvets.
All things that were invented and introduced by entrepreneurs. Often aided by the determining help of Science and Technology. Often without -merely through the simple contribution of fantasy, intelligence, wisdom. Always, however, taking on responsibility, consciously or not.
So much the better. Up until the eighth century, whatever was added, either in quantity or quality, to the scarce insufficiency of that age, was nevertheless beneficial. The market was in a position to stabilize itself if an innovation proved worthwhile - if it proved thus, then the market rewarded it with lavish profits, if it didn’t prove so, then the market punished it with expulsion.
But with the growth of science, the emergence of environmental problems, everybody is starting to ask themselves if the "automaticism" of the incentives and disincentives of the market really does exhaust the issue. Everyone is coming to realize that he who decides in any of these fields, assumes responsibilities that, objectively, are responsibilities that go well beyond the risk of compromising his budgets or those of his company. He takes on a role, a civil and moral role, decidedly challenging - due to the influence his choices have had over his ways of living, customs, social relations, in any case with a direct historical impact (if History, as we know it, does sometimes recognize "minor" history, which sometimes is not "minor"!). Of course the establishment to which Uncle Giannino belonged, could well repeat the ideological response of laissez-faire or that of the Left’s notion of state planning, but the civil issue of increasing a sense of moral responsibility in those individuals who are in a position to undertake and thus to innovate, remain fixed in its importance and difficulty. Importance because the problem of the direction by which we want to transform the world is big in itself. Difficulty because the valuation of the direct and indirect consequences that go beyond the mere economic result is very difficult from many points of view.
This is why I have insisted so that my uncle - who understood these matters extremely well and was also in a position to evaluate the consequences of consciousness – decided to link his and our name, to any institution who accepted to deal with this matter.
Uncle Giannino knew very well that Rockefeller didn’t bear the same responsibility as that of Edison, a Krupp as that of Mr Cantoni or a Nobel Prize as that of Ford, nor that he himself beared the same responsibility as that of his Grandfather Giovanni, or as that of his grandson. Uncle Giannino knew very well that the modern entrepreneur is forced, by his job, to a role that is no longer limited or "limitable" to the example of Smith’s theory of the efficient coordinator of factors; limited not even to the sense implied by Schumpeter (in his model of the economic development, the contribution given by the entrepreneur to the change of things, moreover justifying the profit, in any case finishes up in the market). He knew very well that the true role of a responsible entrepreneur is defined through the contribution that he gives to the civil evolution of the society in which he operates. Furthermore, in understanding this role better than his colleagues, he was helped by his intelligence (of which he was certainly not lacking), and his catholic culture. Through the aid of these characteristics, he was also able to understand just how difficult the issue was - a question of involved values, but above all an objective difficulty to ascertain a causal relationship between the choices of an entrepreneur and the consequences on the lives of people, without interfering with the fundamental value of the free creativity of the human race.
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